What is Oedipus' Hamartia?

It is held as common knowledge that in the tragedy Oedipus Rex, Oedipus falls from power because of his hamartia, or his main character flaw that will eventually lead to his tragic end. However, it is hard to determine what Oedipus' hamartia might actually be, since there are many reasons why he blinds and exiles himself, both in and outside his control. He obviously has hubris, but hamartia isn't just limited to the character themselves. His fate decided at birth could also be his hamartia because it is the mistake that was made to cause his tragic flaw.


To figure out what Oedipus' hamartia really is, lets take a look at another "hero" who has an unexpectedly similar flaw to Oedipus: Walter White from the TV show Breaking Bad. Walter is a character who, like Oedipus, had a "prophecy" that he would die due to lung cancer, and as a result, he starts making meth to provide for his struggling family. However, he gets caught up in all of the drugs, lies, and crime, and starts growing egotistical, which eventually leads to him making mistakes throughout the show, just as Oedipus had throughout his play. Oedipus and Walt both have tragic flaws from their own perception of themselves, but also both have forewarnings of their tragic end. You can read more about the similarities of Oedipus Rex and Breaking Bad here

Walter punches the towel dispenser when he is told that his cancer treatment went well,  200 episodes after he started cooking meth with Jesse. When it was revealed that all of the struggles he went through were pointless, in my opinion that was more tragic than even Oedipus Rex's ending.

So what do I think Oedipus' tragic flaw is? In my opinion, Oedipus is not a character whose hamartia is just hubris, or his tragic fate, or even his egotistical nature. Oedipus' major flaw is the inability to recognize that he is flawed and imperfect. It is a type of hubris, but what is different about this hamartia is that rather than just being self-confident about himself because he is a loved king, Oedipus believes that he is perfect because he refuses to recognize that he may have flaws of his own. His hamartia is actually his cluelessness, because he doesn't realize that he has become something completely different than what he believes himself to be, and he deludes himself with this idea that nothing could go wrong even if he is told multiple times that he had already committed the deeds that he was prepared to avoid. Here is a link about Oedipus' complex hamartia and what makes him a tragic hero.

While going over Oedipus' foolishness when it came to his own wrongdoings and flaws, I though that if Oedipus had taken advice from Kendrick Lamar, he would have had a less tragic end. "Sit down. Be humble." Oedipus' hubris is obviously not his one true hamartia according to me, but by being humble Oedipus would've been able to look at himself in a dimmer light and realize that he has imperfections, no matter how great of a ruler he might be. The biggest part of Oedipus Rex that I took away is to never be prideful for your strengths without being ashamed of your weaknesses. Being even aware of your weaknesses is good, but if you are willing to embrace weakness, you begin to forget that they are even there to begin with, and you'll regret not knowing your limits one day, no matter what you do. In Oedipus' case, he was too foolish to realize his own weakness, and where did it get him? Blind, both to the world and to himself.



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